Research Identifies Specific Neanderthal-Derived Genetic Markers More Common in Individuals with Autism, Highlighting Ancient Human Hybridization’s Impact on Brain Development
A collaborative study involving scientists from Clemson University and Loyola University New Orleans discovered that certain genetic traits inherited from Neanderthals can increase susceptibility to autism. Although modern humans typically have around 2-3% Neanderthal DNA, the research found specific Neanderthal-derived genetic variations are more prevalent in people with autism than in the general population. Using data from the Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research (SPARK), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and 1000 Genomes (1000G) databases, the researchers identified 25 genetic markers linked to brain development that were more common in individuals with autism. These markers are associated with various human health conditions, including autoimmune diseases and depression. The study suggests that Neanderthal DNA contributes to a higher susceptibility for autism, though it does not cause autism directly. The authors believe that their research enhances the understanding of the genetic complexity of autism, emphasizing that many genes control it and may lead to earlier diagnostic methods. Their findings highlight the long-term effects of ancient human hybridization on brain organization and function, offering new insights into the evolutionary factors influencing modern human health.
